But what diet should you choose? The range is truly dizzying. Just some of the diets you might encounter are vegan, pegan, and portfolio. Raw food, whole foods, and Whole Keto, carnivore, and paleo. Clean eating and intermittent fasting. Mediterranean, Nordic, and Okinawan. What does it all mean? And how can you begin to make sense of it? This Special Health Report is here to help.
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Menopause and memory: Know the facts. Carbonated Water is just water that has carbon dioxide forced into it by high pressure. Therefore, carbonated water has zero calories. Caramel Color , according to org the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations , in soda is made from sulfite ammonia, and is prepared by heating carbohydrates near sulfite and ammonium compounds.
We know that from the Atwater system that carbohydrates have 4 Calories per gram, so does the caramel color add any caloric content to the Diet Coke? The short answer is no. Hence, caramel color adds zero calories. Aspartame is an artificial sweetener that has the chemical formula of C14H18N2O5.
From Atwater, we know that you get 4 Calories per gram of protein. So how much aspartame is in a 12 ounce can of Diet Coke? A can of Diet Coke contains milligrams of aspartame , so from the aspartame, the Diet Coke gets 0. Natural flavors are essences of things found naturally and add flavoring, but not any significant nutritional value. This is a mandate handed down by the FDA, and ensures that there is truth in labeling.
Because they add no significant nutritional value, they also add zero caloric content. Instead it is used in combination with the enzyme citratase to produce oxaloacetic acid and acetic acid, which are then used as part of amino acid synthesis. So Citric Acid adds zero Calories.
So, looking at all of the ingredients, the only ingredient that adds any Calories is aspartame, but it only adds 0. Diet Coke is a zero calorie drink because of the removal of the sugar and replacing it with aspartame, which provides only a fraction of the calories. The rest of the ingredients in both Classic Coca-Cola and Diet Coke are negligible in their caloric additions. This is because of the caffeine and Potassium Benzoate preservative.
Studies funded by the artificial sweetener industry have been found to have more favorable outcomes than non-industry studies, which may undermine the validity of their results Overall, more high quality research is needed to determine the true effects of diet soda on weight loss. Observational studies link diet soda with obesity.
Experimental studies show positive effects on weight loss, but these might be influenced by industry funding. Although diet soda has no calories, sugar, or fat, it has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes and heart disease in several studies.
However, this was still half the risk associated with regular sugary drinks. Other studies have observed similar results 24 , 25 , 26 , Conversely, a recent review found that diet soda is not associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Also, another study concluded that any association could be explained by the existing health status, weight changes, and body mass index of participants 28 , Other studies have found similar results 30 , 31 , Additionally, one study has linked diet soda to a small increase in the risk of stroke, but this was only based on observational data Because most of the studies were observational, it may be that the association could be explained another way.
Observational studies have linked diet soda to type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and an increased risk of stroke. They may be due to preexisting risk factors like obesity. A recent study analyzed the diets of 15, people and found that the risk of developing end-stage kidney disease increased with the number of glasses of diet soda consumed per week. Compared with those who consumed less than one glass per week, people who drank more than seven glasses of diet soda per week had nearly double the risk of developing kidney disease A suggested cause for the kidney damage is the high phosphorus content of soda, which may increase the acid load on the kidneys 36 , However, it has also been suggested that people consuming high amounts of diet soda may do so to compensate for other poor dietary and lifestyle factors that may independently contribute to the development of kidney disease 36 , Interestingly, studies investigating the effects of diet soda on the development of kidney stones have found mixed results.
One observational study noted that diet soda drinkers have a slightly increased risk of kidney stone development, but the risk was much smaller than the risk associated with drinking regular soda. In addition, this study has not been supported by other research Another study reported that the high citrate and malate content of some diet sodas may help treat kidney stones, particularly in people with low urine pH and uric acid stones.
However, more research and human studies are needed Observational studies have found an association between drinking a lot of diet soda and the development of kidney disease. If diet soda does cause this, a potential reason could be increased acid load on the kidneys due to its high phosphorus content.
Drinking diet soda while pregnant has been linked to some negative outcomes, including preterm delivery and childhood obesity. Earlier Danish research supports these findings. A study in almost 60, women found that women who consumed one serving of diet soda per day were 1. However, recent research in 8, women in England did not find any association between diet cola and preterm delivery. However, the authors admitted that the study may not have been big enough and had been limited to diet cola Furthermore, consuming artificially sweetened drinks while pregnant is significantly associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity
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